Baoguo Monastery 保國寺
edition published: 2018-03-21-04:00
language: en; zh-latn-pinyin; zh-Hant; zh-Hans; zh-latn-wadegile
availability: Distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported License. (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/)

Baoguo Monastery; Bǎoguósì; Pao-kuo-ssu; 保國寺; 保国寺; Língshānsì; 靈山寺; 灵山寺; Jīngjìnyuàn; 精進院; 精进院
identifier: https://architecturasinica.org/place/000004
state: Founded in the Eastern Han (25-220 CE)
1-0090-3-043
Wikipedia (in Chinese)
百度百科
location: 浙江省宁波市, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
location: 29.983 121.516833
Type: monastery (Buddhist), si, 寺, 寺
Baoguo Monastery is located in Ningbo, Zhejiang, and is a historic Buddhist monastery protected by the National Cultural Heritage Administration. The complex is nestled in the Ling Mountains (Lingshan 靈山) between Xiangbi Peak (Xiangbifeng 象鼻峰) and Shiyan Peak (Shiyanfeng 獅岩峰), and the south side is exposed to a downhill slope. The monastery itself is also surrounded by water: the Ci River (Cijiang 慈江) runs at the foot of the mountain and eight streams cross through the mountain. The building complex is roughly oriented north-south, and is more precisely sitting northwest and facing southeast (Xu and Qiu 2014, 72). It is symmetrical along the central axis with the exception of a few smaller buildings attached to the west and east sides of the complex.
Following the 1805 Baoguosi zhi 保國寺志, Guo Daiheng relates the legendary founding of the monastery as Lingshansi 靈山寺 in the Eastern Han dynasty. This complex was destroyed in the Huichang suppression of Buddhism from 842-845. When it was rebuilt in 880 it was renamed Baoguosi (Baoguo Monastery). In 1064 the complex received an official plaque bearing the name Jingjin Cloister (Jingjinyuan 精進院). Throughout the Song Dynasty, new buildings were constructed while maintaining symmetry around the existing central axis. By the Southern Song, the complex’s layout was similar to the style of the Five Mountains and Ten Monasteries “五山十剎” defined by the Imperial Court, however only the structures currently extant from the Song dynasty are the Mahavira Treasure Hall (Daxiongbaodian 大雄寶殿) and Pure Land Pool (Jingtuchi 淨土池) (Guo 2003, 2-18). Drastic reconstructions were done during the Ming-Qing (明清) period and the current layout is in keeping with many Ming-Qing Buddhist monasteries. The central axis of the complex is now preserved in a three-step progression, moving from bottom to top, there is the Celestial Kings Hall (Tianwangdian 天王殿), Mahavira Treasure Hall (Daxiongbaodian 大雄寶殿), then the Dharma Hall (fatang 法堂) and sutra repository tower (cangjinglou 藏經樓) along the central axis. The living areas outside that of the Buddhist ritual spaces did not aim for symmetry and enjoyed relative freedom in their layout.
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