穿鬥 chuāndòu
edition published: 2019-05-17
language: en; zh-latn-pinyin; zh-latn-pinyin-nt; zh-latn-wadegile; zh-Hant; zh-Hans
availability: Distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported License. (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/)

chuandou 穿鬥 穿斗 chuāndòu ch'uan-tou penetrating and interlocking (lit.) column-and-tie-beam frameworks post-and-tie constructions[^1] [擡梁 táiliáng]

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[^1: The “penetrating and interlocking framework” (chuandou 穿鬥) is one of the two main categories of Chinese timber-frame structures, the other being “interlocking and lifting beams” (擡梁 táiliáng). In the chuandou structural system, several layers of tie-beams are tenoned through the pillars to join them together and the pillars support the purlins directly without the use of a bracketing layer. Chuandou has a verbal connotation, referring to a particular procedure of construction. First, pillars of the truss-like framework perpendicular to the roof ridge are connected by the tenoning work of chuan, and then multiple frames of different bays are interlocked parallel to the roof ridge by the work of dou to form the whole timber-frame structure. The earliest known textual use of the term chuandou was in the work of architectural historians in the 1940s, who were learning the terminology of craftsmen in southwestern China. The term came to be used to describe the structural system of timber-frame domestic architecture in southern China. Other terms for this structural system include chuandou 穿逗, litie 立貼, and chuandou 串斗.

穿鬥是中國傳統建築最主要的構架類型術語之一（與之相對應的術語是擡梁）。這一命名最早在1940年代由建築史學者根據中國西南地區的工匠術語總結而來，後被用來描述南方民間建築的木構架形式。 穿鬥式木構架，又稱穿逗式、串斗式等，是指以檁下立柱，柱由多層穿枋串起來為基本特征的構架形式。從字面意思來解釋，這一術語包含了這一構架特定的施工過程的意思，即先通過“穿”將各榀屋架組合起來，再通過“鬥”用檁條等構件將各榀屋架連接為整體。]