tiāojīn dǒukē 挑金斗科

Note

Tiaojindouke 挑金斗科, literally “propping gold bracket set” is one of the bracket set (dougong 斗栱 or douke 斗科) types used in Ming and Qing dynasty official architecture and can be used as an intercolumnar (pingshenke 平身科), corner (jiaoke 角科), and/or pillar top (zhutouke 柱头科) bracket sets (Gongbu 1734, 28.15b-18a). Here the word tiao 挑 means to prop up (Hanyu dacidian), and jin 金 in this case refers to the lowest interior purlin (xiajinheng 下金桁). According to the Qing dynasty court building manual Gongcheng zuofa《工程做法》(1734), tiaojin douke is a bracket set that connects the eaves purlin (yanheng 檐桁) to the interior purlin (jinheng 金桁) via one or more slanted timber bars (chenggan 秤杆) (Gongbu 1734, 29.32a-33b). The slanted timber bar echoes the form of the Song dynasty xia’ang 下昂, but it functions less for roof load transfer and more as a stabilizing component locking the eaves to the interior structure. The structure is similar to that of the liujin douke 溜金斗科, but it differs in the following two ways: 1) the rear end of the chenggan supports the huatai bracket set (huataike 花台科) instead of being supported by it; 2) instead of being supported by a squared beam (huataifang 花台枋), the huatai bracket set and the slanted timber bar are connected from the bottom by a wooden peg called fulianshao 伏蓮捎. Modern scholars refer to the tiaojin douke 挑金斗科 and the liujin douke 溜金斗科 collectively as the liujin dougong 溜金斗栱 (Liang 1981, 108).3

挑金斗科，是明清官式建築中的一種斗栱類型，可用作平身科、柱头科、角科（工部 1734，28·15b-18a）。“挑”有揚起、舉起的意思（数字版漢語大辭典），“金”指金桁。根據清工部《工程做法》，挑金斗科指以斜向構件聯系簷桁和金桁的斗栱（工部 1734，29·32a-33b）。秤桿在形式上類似於宋式斗栱中的昂，但其主要作用是將簷口與內部屋架結構穩固的連接，而不是傳遞屋面荷載。挑金斗科做法與溜金斗科相似，但有以下兩點區別：（1）秤桿後尾支撐花臺科，而不是被花臺科承托；（2）秤桿後尾與花臺科由伏蓮捎連接固定，而不是由花臺枋承托。現代學者多將挑金斗栱和溜金斗栱統稱為溜金斗栱（梁 1981，108）。3

Related concepts

昂 áng

溜金斗科 liūjīn dǒukē

下昂 xià'áng

Broad Match: bracketing