bǔjiān pūzuò 補間鋪作

Note

Bujian puzuo is the Song dynasty term for dougong 斗栱 placed between two pillars and on top of a lan'e 闌額 or a pupaifang 普拍方 (Chen 2010, 331). It is considered to be equivalent to pingshenke 平身科 used in the Qing dynasty Gongcheng zuofa (Gongbu 1734,15.1a). In premodern sources, the term bujian puzuo appears to be used only in the Yingzao fashi (1103). Modern architectural historians commonly use it to describe the intercolumnar bracket-sets of buildings from the Tang (618-907) through the Ming dynasties (1368-1644). 4

According to some scholars, the mature bujian puzuo did not appear until the Tang Dynasty (Han 1988, 61). Most scholars agree that its emergence was closely related to the linking of the structural frame of the body of the building with the roof structure. The pillar top bracket-sets (zhutou puzuo 柱頭鋪作) and the bujian puzuo together support beams called luohan fang 羅漢枋 (arhat beams), which support the liaoyan fang 撩檐枋, the beams that directly support the eaves rafters. The emergence of bujian puzuo allowed for more extensive overhanging eaves, which helped protect the earthen walls from the rain (Wen 2010; Wang 2011, 2, 6-27; Shen 1995). Bujian puzuo may have enabled technological developments in other components, including ang, tiaowo, and pupaifang. 5

補間鋪作是指兩柱頭之間、置於闌額或普拍方之上的成組的斗栱構件（陳 2010，331）。通常認為等同於清工部《工程做法》中的平身科（工部 1734,15.1a）。補間鋪作僅見於《營造法式》。現代建築史學者通常將其用於描述唐至明代的建築物。 4

有學者認爲, 成熟的補間鋪作至唐代才出現。（漢 1988，61）盛唐之後，在兩柱間設置出跳補間的做法已經基本確定。學者多認同它在結構上與屋架結構緊密關聯，用以承羅漢枋，直至與柱頭鋪作一起承接撩簷枋，從而能夠承托較大的簷口部分（溫 2010；王 2011, 26-27；沈 1995）。此外，補間鋪作出跳也引發相關構件的聯動，涉及昂、挑斡、普拍方等。 5

Related concepts

闌額 lán'é

普拍方 pǔpāifāng

柱頭鋪作 zhùtóu pūzuò

人字栱 rénzìgǒng

斗子蜀柱 dǒuzǐ shǔzhù

挑斡 tiǎowò

上昂 shàng'áng

假昂 jiǎ'áng

Broad Match: bracketing