jìxīnzào 計心造

Note

Jixinzao 計心造, or jixin 計心 for short, is an architectural term describing bracket-sets (dougong 斗栱) composed of henggong 橫栱 installed above the extending huagong 華栱 or ang 昂. The henggong is positioned perpendicular to the huagong or ang and parallel to the wall plane. In premodern sources, the term jixinzao appears only in Yingzao fashi (1103; Li Jie 2009, 4.5a, 4.9b,17.2b, 18.1a, 30.6a, etc.). As a verb, ji 計 means “to calculate” or “add (up),” while as a noun, xin 心 means “center” or “heart.” Thus “jixin” can mean to “add (a bracket arm)” through the “center” of a bearing block located above an outward projecting bracket arm or ang (tiao 跳). Xu Bo’an 徐伯安 proposed that "quan jixin zao 全計心造" ("complete jixin construction") should be used to to describe the method of installing henggong on each projecting step of bracket arm. The term “jixinzao” would then be used to describe the method of installing henggong only on select projecting bracket arms in a larger bracket set (Xu 1985).5

計心造是描述斗栱做法的建築術語，可簡稱為計心，指在華栱或昂頭上安放橫栱，即與華栱或昂垂直相交、平行於建築屋身方向的栱的做法。計心造在歷史文獻中僅見於《營造法式》（1103; 李誡 2009，4.5a，4.9b，17.2b，18.1a，30.6a等）。“計”作為動詞，有“計算，計數”的意思。“心”作為名詞，有“中心，中央”的意思。徐伯安曾提出可以用“全計心造”描述每跳上均安橫栱的斗栱做法，用“計心造”描述某一跳上安橫栱的做法（徐 1985）。5

Related Concepts

tōuxīnzào 偷心造

Broad Match: bracketing